Thursday, April 17, 2014

Bitter-Sweet Memories


As we reach this valedictory moment, a bittersweet feeling pierces the heart, bringing catharsis to all the pent-up emotions. Pathos and bathos are integral parts of life, so while it's sad to see everyone parting, we must remember that today's euphoric moments will become tomorrow's twinkling memories. Similarly, the saddest thoughts of yesterday will be the sweetest songs of today.

I have never felt alone in the presence of all of you, and I am grateful for that. Thank you all.

Lastly, I wish everyone good luck in their future endeavors, which I hope will be fruitful.

 

With Love,
Dor Druk

Wednesday, April 16, 2014

New Ideology - Gross National Happiness

Introduction
The idea of happiness and well-being as the goal of development has always been a part of the Bhutanese political psyche. While this has informed Bhutan's development endeavors during the early part of the modernization process, it was not pursued as a deliberate policy goal until the 4th Druk Gyalpo His Majesty Jigme Singye Wangchuck introduced Gross National Happiness (GNH) to define the official development paradigm for Bhutan.

GNH is premised on the belief that happiness is the ultimate desire of every individual, and by extension, the responsibility and purpose of the state is to create the necessary conditions that enable citizens to lead the good life. As such, GNH supports the notion that happiness pursued and realized within the context of the greater good of society offer the best possibility for sustained happiness of the individual. To this end, GNH stresses collective happiness to be addressed directly through public policies in which happiness becomes an explicit criterion in development projects and programmes.
Happiness in Bhutan is termed differently for the country is rich in its uniqueness in many ways. Bhutan is one single tiny nation in the world giving undeniable importance to Gross National Happiness rather than Gross National Product. Bhutan view happiness as the first and foremost priority and is geared towards making people happy. The Philosophy of GNH –an enduring insightful icon has now crossed the borders of Bhutan arresting the attention of international community and is now one of the Millennium Development Goals.

The write up focuses on Gross National Happiness popularly termed as GNH, the guiding developmental philosophy and the unique ideology of Bhutan. The write-up will also ignite a brief light on the origins and development of the fabulous ideology, the four pillars and domains of GNH, promotion of GNH concepts in schools of Bhutan making schools the perfect “green” place for children to learn, discuss GNH in Global age and the criticism of the ideology.

The rationale behind working on this particular ideology is to carefully scrutinize and unfold the beauty and relevance of the ideology in this modern age. The work is also deliberately aimed at in-depth study of the concept and its pragmatic relevance in the present modern day and beyond besides dissemination of the idea to others and future readers.


Origins and Development of Gross National Happiness
“Gross National Happiness” (GNH) was first coined by the 4th Dragon King of Bhutan. The concept had a much longer resonance in the Kingdom of Bhutan since 1629. The 1629 legal code, which dates back to the unification of Bhutan under a single ruler, declared that- “If the Gov e rnment cannot create happiness for its people, there is no purpose for the Government to exist.”
It was the young king who was 16 and a half years old then and had begun his rule as an absolute monarch – who, with a sense of inquiry into the purpose and the function of development, looked for the best model for Bhutan to follow, so did he presented His country a blessing paradigm.

In the later years, the 4th King Jigme Singye Wangchuk declared Gross National Happiness to be more important than Gross National Product(GNP), and the country gladly oriented its national policies and development plans towards Gross National Happiness or GNH. Constitution of Bhutan 2008 Article 9 confers that “The State shall strive to promote those conditions that will enable the pursuit of Gross National Happiness.” The concept was taken seriously, as the Centre for Bhutan Studies, under the leadership of Karma Ura, developed a sophisticated survey instrument to measure the population's general level of wellbeing. Michael and Martha Pennock from Canada played a major role in developing the Bhutanese survey, which took a six to seven-hour interview to complete. They developed a shorter international version of the survey which has been used in their home region of Victoria BC as well as in Brazil. The Pennocks also collaborated with Karma Ura in the production of a policy lens which is used by the Bhutanese GNH Commission for anticipating the impact of policy initiatives upon the levels of GNH in Bhutan.

Like many psychological and social indicators, GNH is somewhat easier to state than to define with mathematical precision. Nonetheless, it serves as a unifying vision for Bhutan's five-year planning process and all the derived planning documents that guide the economic and development plans of the country. Proposed policies in Bhutan must pass a GNH review based on a GNH impact statement that is similar in nature to the Environmental Impact Statement required for development in the U.S. Although the GNH framework reflects its Buddhist origins, it is solidly based upon the empirical research literature of happiness, positive psychology and well-being.

The Philosophy Gross National Happiness
GNH in Bhutan is absolutely distinct from the western literature on ‘happiness’ in two ways. First it is multidimensional – not focused only on subjective well-being to the exclusion of other dimensions – and second, it internalizes other -regarding motivations. In short it is constituted by many elements and domains in life. While multi-dimensional measures of the quality of life and well-being are increasingly discussed, Bhutan is innovative in constructing a multi-dimensional measure which is itself relevant for policies and is also directly associated with a linked set of policies and programmes screening tools. The first Prime Minister of Bhutan Mr. Jigme Yoezer Thinley, elected under the new Constitution of Bhutan adopted in 2008 declared that: “We have now clearly distinguished the ‘happiness’ … in GNH from the fleeting, pleasurable ‘feel good’ moods so often associated with that term. We know that true abiding happiness cannot exist while others suffer, and comes only from serving others, living in harmony with nature, and realizing ourinnate wisdom and the true and brilliant nature of our own minds.”

GNH includes living in harmony with nature that is not focused in western notions of happiness. Deriving happiness from serving others, and realizing the nature of our mind and fleeting pleasurable moods are also covered in GNH survey(2010) conducted by Centre forBhutan Studies. These concepts are widely discussed by the prominent psychologists like Martin Seligman who conducted studies on happiness. GNH is on a mission towards making Bhutanese a complete human being versed with values. The common goal of every individual is happiness as analyzed in the studies conducted by positive psychologists based on samples and nationwide GNH survey. The researchers
classified people into certain groups like happy, unhappy, very much unhappy and very much happy however the GNH index shows four categories of people – unhappy, narrowly happy, extensively happy, and deeply happy. GNH stresses collective happiness to be addressed directly through public policies which is absent in western notions of happiness making happiness an explicit criterion in projects and programmes. The society as a whole cannot obtain happiness if individuals compete for it at all cost irresponsibly.

In the United Kingdom (U.K.), Jeremy Bentham’s utilitarian philosophy helped popularize the idea of happiness. Bentham’s Greatest Happiness Principle argued that “the purpose of politics should be to bring the greatest happiness to the greatest number of people”. This is what is central in GNH which reflects the most important pillars called Good Governance. This also shows that GNH as an ideology is linked to other ideologies.

The Four Pillars of Gross National Happiness
The Bhutanese grounding in Buddhist ideals suggests that beneficial development of human society takes place when material and spiritual development occur side by side to complement and reinforce each other. Gross National Happiness contains four main pillars:
  1.  Sustainable and equitable socioeconomic development
  2. Conservation of environment
  3. Preservation and promotion of culture
  4. Promotion of good governance
 Sustainable and equitable socioeconomic development
First things first, the socio-economic and the cultural pillars address the two dimensions of material and spiritual development while the other two pillars provide the bases and means for all actions in the realms of the material and spiritual aspects which are also covered in Positive Psychology researches. The specific discussion on these pillars will bestow a crystal clear view of what they really are.

Sustainable and Equitable Socioeconomic Development
Sustainable and equitable socioeconomic development does not prohibit economic growth and development, but is implemented by placing a priority on health and education sectors. It is estimated
that over 30% of the national budget of Bhutan is placed on the social sector. This financial dedication is tangible evidence of the government’s commitment to provide a secure livelihood for its citizens and one in which its population is healthy and educated. Along these same terms, capacity building in the development of professional skills to manage development has been a common program implemented. Other important social development facilities are widely available throughout the country such as schools, hospitals and agricultural centers. Additionally, policymakers have introduced a personal income tax in order to redistribute wealth more evenly.

Environmental Conservation
It is also valued widely throughout Bhutanese society as many citizens’ sources of livelihood
are dependent on their natural environment, especially those working agriculturally. It is commonly believed that irresponsible activities in nature will lead to negative and therefore unhappy outcomes. Most Bhutanese accept the fact that the environment should be preserved for others and the future generation, limiting severe environmental degradation. Environmental benefits observed by GNH policies include:
  •  Characterization of the country as a biodiversity hotspot
  • Increased preservation policies
  • 72% forest cover, 26% protected areas
  • Written policy that the country will keep a minimum of 60% forest cover. The pillar is almost parallel to the new ideology called environmentalism as both belief that nature is an interconnected whole, embracing humans and non-humans, as well as the inanimate world.

Preservation and Promotion of Bhutanese Culture
The preservation and promotion of Bhutanese culture is another factor in development and GNHstrategy, as Buddhist cultural pureness ideology is widespread. It is widely believed that a decline in traditional heritage and culture will lead to a general dissatisfaction of society and has therefore preservation of culture is a high government priority. This is observed in the school system as all children are taught Bhutanese cultural values.

Good Governance
Good governance is apparent through the government’s dedication of promoting happiness and well-being of its citizens foremost. His Majesty the King withdrew from the executive function of government in 1998 and universal voting rights were introduced in 2002. Civil society has had the opportunity to provide input in legislative matters and a goal is in place to have a multiparty system by 2008. Efficiency, accountability and transparency are the core values of good governance in Bhutan.

Domains of GNH
The pillars are further extended into nine domains - psychological well-being, education, time use, community vitality, cultural diversity and resilience, ecological diversity and resilience, living standard, health, education, and good governance. Together they make GNH a holistic, sustainable and inclusive development paradigm. Some of the domains connected to happiness, are extensively discussed by the positive psychology researchers. The domains which are all positive are the genuine contributors towards creating happiness or that help people attain happiness and lead meaningful life. These domains appear in the five year plans of the government. GNH is thus undoubtedly the guiding developmental philosophy of Bhutan.

Bhutan in 2013 worked on the nine domains with experts hired from beyond borders who unanimously added the 10th domain to accommodate any fresh ideas that the existing nine lacked submitted the report to the UN in June 2013. Bhutan will also present a 20-30 document report on nine domains during the UN General Assembly in September 2014.

GNH infused in Schools of Bhutan
The concept of happiness can be best learnt by the lives of children. At the early age, they don’t understand the meaning of unhappiness and are not aware of miseries and calamities they have to face in coming times. They don’t have to take care of their financial needs and often spend most of their time as free as a bird. There will be reminders on a daily basis, in all aspects of education, from school administration to classroom to sports field. For instance, we have morning prayers. These prayers are just recitation of mantras that the children don’t understand or appreciate but the chants are well selected and the children are required to do a little bit of meditation instead of only chanting. Before the meditation, a topic will be chosen and the students will be told about a particular value to follow and practice for that day. So philosophy of GNH resides in the Schools of Bhutan. Each time a student delivers a speech, he or she will do research on that subject. While the audience will learn a little about the value being discussed, the speaker will have a far greater understanding, an understanding that will hopefully influence him for his entire life. This is the first basic step to instill positive values in the young hearts helping build up good intentions that will gradually make him/her happy. The school policies in Bhutan are guided by the philosophy of GNH. Green Schools for Green Bhutan is the central idea of the school policies. It includes all the positive ideals of safe school, waste free, free of violence and bullied, conducive environment etc. making schools the prefect green place for learning.

GNH includes all from old to young despite position, caste, creed and colour. So happiness is not confined within the four walls, it is much beyond the confinements and the seeds of happiness is thus bountifully sown in the schools for children’s heart like the wet cement can be greatly shaped.

GNH in the Global Age
GNH is going as well as it can be. From where Bhutan was, just a few years ago, when the small nation looked at happiness as something trivial, Utopian and impractical, now reached a stage where the whole world takes happiness seriously together with well-being. It is now a subject of discourse, not only at the national and sub-national levels but internationally as well.

The GNH philosophy has strong credibility to rekindle global concern for the common interest and the public good, especially today when many countries face severe economic problems, “caused at least in part by our own excessive preoccupation with profit and consumption.” In the face of global financial, food and fuel crises, the old development paradigm must be re-assessed and an alternative one found, and in this, GNH continues to give a refreshing perspective to development. Jigme Yoezer Thinley - the former Prime Minister of Bhutan was invited by the president of the Senate of the Belgian Parliament on 4th February 2014, to hold a meeting with the senate working group on the development of a new and more reliable set of indicators to measure the quality of life, well-being and happiness of the Belgian society. They thanked former Prime Minister for his role in setting into motion an international debate on the subject and appreciated Bhutan for being the beacon to a
more sustainable and happy human society.
The award of Honorary Doctorate to the former Prime Minister on 3rd February 2014 by Catholic University in Louvain of Belgium is a symbol of genuine acceptance and practicability of the philosophy of GNH in the modern era in the Western Hemisphere. The Belgian Parliament last February 2014 voted on the new set of indicators based in the Bhutanese unique model. They expected the bill to be successfully enacted.

In 2013, the President of Singapore Dr. Tony Tan proposed that in addition to building up substantial financial reserves, Singapore also needed to focus on building up its "social reserves", a concept that appears to have parallels to GNH.

The Kingdom of Bhutan’s GNH captivated media worldwide after its introduction at the first International Conference on Implementing Indicators for Sustainability and Quality of Life (ICONS) in Curitiba, Brazil, 2003. As media and NGO fascination with GNH grew, the prime Minster of Bhutan was invited in April 2012 to co-chair with Secretary General Ban Ki-moon a High-Level Meeting on Happiness and Well-Being: Defining a New Economic Paradigm. Speaking at the High Level Meeting on "Happiness and Well-Being: Defining a New Economic Paradigm" convened during the sixty-sixth session of the General Assembly the Secretary General Ban Ki-moon stated that the world “needs a new economic paradigm that recognizes the parity between the three pillars of sustainable development. Social, economic and environmental well-being are indivisible. Together they define gross global happiness.” The meeting was convened at an initiative of Bhutan, a country which recognized the supremacy of national happiness over national income since the early 1970s and famously adopted the goal of Gross National Happiness over Gross National Product. This Summit was attended by a select but representative group of top government representatives, by all United Nations missions, and by leading economists, scholars and spiritual and civil society leaders, representing both developed and developing nations.

The General Assembly of the United Nations on 12 July 2012 proclaimed 20th March as the International Day of Happiness recognizing the relevance of happiness and well-being as universal goals and aspirations in the lives of human beings around the world and the importance of their recognition in public policy objectives.

On 19 July 2011, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly, at the request of the Prime Minister of Bhutan, unanimously adopted Happiness as an independent goal for all countries. The UN is thus engaged in a process towards encouraging the countries of the world to seek a more holistic approach to development. The Prime Minister of Bhutan concluded after the meeting in the UN General Assembly "Happiness is now accepted by the international community as a timeless, shared vision that binds all humanity together, rich and poor." As a result of this meeting a Secretariat was established in Bhutan, supported by an International Expert Working Group, which industriously drafted a new global development paradigm for presentation to the UN in 2013. The heads of several states now have their eyes on Bhutan to learn how GNH can inspire them on their development path. Canada, Belgium, Thailand, Brazil and France are among countries that have begun to integrate GNH into national politics as a more viable alternative to the focus on growth and GDP.

In 2009, the 5th International Conference was held at Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, with more than 800 participants. The conference was organised by Future Vision Ecological Institute and Itaipu BinationalHydroelectric Facility, in collaboration with the Centre for Bhutan Studies. The growing interest in GNH within Brazil has resulted from the work of Dr. Susan Andrews at the Instituto Visão Futuro which sponsored a series of events in São Paulo and Campinas in October 2008. Meena Srinivasan’s paper, “Gross National Happiness in the Classroom – A Teacher’s Thoughts” is couched on ever increasing complex global problems today and the role GNH values can play in promoting an ethical and ecological outlook that has the potential to make our world a better place for all peoples. She discusses her personal and classroom experience of teaching GNH in the American Embassy School in Delhi where she is a teacher. In her school students participate in ‘Happiness Lab’ and ‘Project Happiness’, meditate on compassion, understand dependent origination, and learn about deep ecology at an organic farm in India. She suggests teaching compassion, patience, tolerance, forgiveness, contentment, harmony and social responsibility in schools. Dr. Ron Colman, Director of Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI Atlantic) was the chief organizer of the landmark 2nd GNH conference in Halifax, Canada. That conference brought GNH to the broad-based attention of the people in North America. Yet another significant conference of Bangkok and Nongkhai in 2007 suffused GNH like the waters of Mother Mekong, through the Mekong Delta countries.

The European Commissions’ Conference Beyond GDP in November, 2007, showed a new level of official interest. Britain’s New Economics Foundation released its Happy Planet Index following all the publicity around Bhutan’s efforts to measure Gross National Happiness (GNH) in that Buddhist nation. To date, there have also been G.N.H. conferences and seminars in Belgium, Denmark, Thailand, Canada, the Netherlands, New York and Brazil. According to Timsit, these activities provided the impetus for President Nicolas Sarkozy of France to commission Stiglitz, along with the Nobel laureate Amartya Sen and the French economist Jean-Paul Fitoussi, to conduct a study of the “of economic performance and social progress” that included diverse G.N.H. indicators, ranging from walking to reading to the frequency of love making.

Criticism
From an economic perspective, critics state that because GNH depends on a series of subjective  judgments about well-being, governments may be able to define GNH in a way that suits their interests. Economics professor Deirdre McCloskey criticizes such measurements as unscientific, saying that “Recording the percentage of people who say they are happy will tell you... just how people use words," making the analogy that society could not "base physics on asking people whether today was 'hot, nice, or cold”. McCloskey also criticizes the anti-consumerism of the movement to base government policy on happiness, asserting that "High culture has in fact always flourished in eras of lively commerce, from fifth-century Greece through Song China and Renaissance Italy down to the Dutch Golden Age."

Other critics say that international comparison of well-being will be difficult on this model; proponents maintain that each country can define its own measure of GNH as it chooses, and that comparisons over time between nations will have validity. GDP provides a convenient, international scale. Research demonstrates that markers of social and individual well-being are remarkably transcultural: people generally report greater subjective life satisfaction if they have strong and frequent social ties, live in healthy ecosystems, experience good governance, etc. Nevertheless, Bhutan's stated goal is to maximize whatever they see as GNH, not compare numbers with other countries. Alternative indicators of emotion as an analog to economic progress have also been supported by a number of NGOs such as the UK's New Economics Foundation, and are employed in some governments notably in Europe and Canada

Concluding Remarks
Traditional wisdom tells us that new thoughts and ideas emerge from chaos and devastation. If GNH must be the new order, then the old certainly appears to be giving way as manifest in the multiple crises that are testing the relevance and sustainability of the prevailing order. The financial, energy, and food crises as well as the natural calamities of the magnitude and frequency never seen before are, I believe, alarm bells to warn us away from living the way we do.

The theory of Gross National Happiness (GNH) established by His Majesty the King of Bhutan in 1972, is the foundation for development in Bhutan. GNH is based on the ideology that the pursuit of happiness is found in all people and is the strongest force of desires. GNH is a “middle path” approach in which spiritual and material pursuits are balanced. In the GNH Index, unlike certain concepts of happiness in current western literature, happiness is itself multidimensional – not measured only by subjective well-being, and not focused narrowly on happiness that begins and ends with oneself and is concerned for and with oneself. The pursuit of happiness is collective, though it can be experienced deeply personally. Different people can be happy in spite of their disparate circumstances and the options for diversity must be wide as focused in Positive Psychology Researches.

Lastly but not the least, let us dwell upon on what the great Philosopher Khalil Gibran gifted the world that has the capacity to create a classical affect in the lives of all human life – If you have learned the art of staying happy in all circumstances, then believe that you have learned the biggest art in the world.


References 
  1. Dickens, C. (n.d.). The Mayor of Casterbridge. London: Oxford. 
  2. Dr. Luo Lu. (n.d.). Understanding Happiness . A look in the Chinese folk Psychology.
  3. International Institute of Management – US based GHN research, GNH policy white paper.
  4. Karma Ura, Sabina Alkire, Tsoki Zangmo and Karma Wangdi. (2012). A guide to Gross National Index. Thimphu: The Center for Bhutan Studies.
  5. Rad, R. R. (n.d.). Happiness. A literature of of Cross Cultural Implication.
  6. Rajni Bakshi, "Gross National Happiness", Resurgence, 25 January 2005
  7. Steve R. Baumgardner & Marie K.Crothers. (2009). Positive Psychology. India: Pearson Education.

Sunday, January 19, 2014

Case Study


Acknowledgement

The saying "Yesterday is history. Tomorrow is a mystery. Today is a gift. That's why it's called the present" rings true for me as I reflect on my recent experience with Mrs. Jyoti. Her unparalleled support and guidance have led me through the intricate path of a case study with ease. Her presence throughout my journey has been invaluable in shedding light during times of uncertainty.

As the adage goes, "Only a lighted candle can light others," and Mrs. Jyoti has exemplified this by being a beacon of true enlightenment in every instance where I required it. She has been a source of unwavering support and guidance, helping me achieve the successful and timely completion of my project.

In the words of Anacreon, "Life is like a chariot-wheel that ever rolls along." Throughout this case study experience, I have gained profound knowledge under the tutelage of Mrs. Jyoti, propelling me forward on the enduring journey of learning.


The saying that "a one-winged bird can't fly up in the sky, and we can't clap with one hand" applies to my recent case study experience, as it would not have been possible without the cooperation of my client, Mr. Puspalal Sharma.

Despite his busy schedule and limited availability, Mr. Sharma generously devoted his time and attention to answering my questions and providing me with the necessary personal information. It was only through his patience and cooperation that I was able to produce a comprehensive project that met all the requirements.

I owe a great deal of gratitude and respect to Mr. Sharma for his unwavering support during this critical time. Without his cooperation, I would not have been able to complete the project successfully.

Completing this project has been a delightful experience, despite the challenges that come with being a novice in this field. It is especially satisfying to know that this project has the potential to be immensely helpful for future research, and to have had the opportunity to contribute to the advancement of art and science.

Albert Einstein once said, "The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and science." This quote resonates with me, as I found the project to be both intriguing and challenging, with many mysteries to unravel.

I would like to express my utmost gratitude and appreciation to both my field guide and the client for their support and guidance throughout this journey. Without their assistance, this project would not have been possible, and I am truly grateful for their contributions.


Introduction

This case study assignment explores the life of a Bhutanese National Football player, who has dedicated nine years of his life to the sport. Through interviews and questionnaires, I have gained insight into his true identity and experiences as a professional athlete who has traveled beyond his home country.

Human life is a blend of joy and sorrow, and this player's life is no exception. His journey is marked by a series of fascinating tales and anecdotes, which have added a unique flavor to this case study. As James Freeman Clarke once said, "We are either progressing or retrograding all the while; there is no such thing as remaining stationary in this life." In this case study, I have documented the various challenges and obstacles that this individual encountered during his time as a student, a professional athlete, and a responsible member of his family.

In addition, this project includes various snapshot features that highlight key events throughout the individual's life. I delved into his social and psychological history, exploring his social interests and psychological relationships. The latter part of the case study focuses on potential solutions and remedies for the challenges faced by the client.
 
The targets that I aim to achieve through the case study of the National Goal Keeper of Bhutan are as follows:
Objectives:
     i. To gain insight into the life history of the client.

    ii. To determine the factors that have contributed to his success as a soccer player.

    iii. To explore the relationship between games, sports, and academic studies.

    iv. To assess the impact of games and sports on his later life.

    v. To identify the challenges encountered throughout his career.

    vi. To gain a deeper understanding of the personal experiences gained during his professional career.

The Case Study about Genius National Soccer Player of Bhutan
1.           General information:
      Name: Puspalal Sharma
      Age: 30 Years
       Sex: Male
      Date of Birth: 8/11/1983
       Time of Birth: 8:24 AM

2. Family Data information:
a.            Father’s Name: J. N Sharma
Age: 63 Years
Religion: Hinduism
Education Qualification: Graduation
Occupation: School Principal
Relationship: Friendly, frank and approachable.  As saying goes; "The grass isn't greener on the 'other side’, the grass isn't greener on your side. It's Greener where you water it." He has strong bond of love and attachment with father. They use to share every twists and turns of experiences, feelings and thoughts without any hesitation. They use to bring every issue and matter at the center of discussion and derive consensus base upon mutual understanding.

b.   Mother’s Name: Tila Rupa Sharmas
  Age: 58 years
 Religion: Hinduism
 Education Qualification: Nil
 Relationship: He holds strong tie of Caring, charming and enclosed relationship with mother. As Rodney Dangerfield said, “On Halloween, the parents sent their kids out looking like them. It is very difficult to get loving, caring, generous and heartwarming person like mother in the world. So he  owes a lot to parents, especially mother and father. He believes that without mother in the world would have no progeny and generation at all. Mother is one that has been first teacher to teach all essence of life that eventually shines future of children. So he pays greater homage to mother being provided meaning of life to live worthwhile.

c.            Sisters:
i.             Name: Krishna Maya Sharma
         Age: 34 years
         Religion: Hinduism
         Education Qualification: 10 Passed
          Occupation: Technician 

ii.           Name: Tika Devi Sharma
        Age: 28 years
          Religion: Hinduism
         Education Qualification: 10 Passed
          Occupation: Tourism and Hospitality
iii.          Name: Bishnu Maya Sharma
         Age: 26 years
         Religion: Hinduism
         Education Qualification: 10 passed
         Occupation: House wife

Relationship with Sisters: He says that, the best relationship is the one in which our love for each other exceeds our need for each other. And the love of family and the admiration of friends are much more important than wealth and privilege. Margaret also said, “Sister is probably the most competitive relationship within the family, but once the sisters are grown, it becomes the strongest relationship. They have strong bridge of love and caring relationships and maintain unity and solidarity of family bloodline.

d.           Brother’s Name: Nil

e.            Grand Father’s Name: Late Purna Nandha Rimal
         Age: 90
         Religion: Hinduism
         Education Qualification: Nil
        Occupation: Farmer

f.             Grand mother’s Name: Ishori Rimal
        Age: 101 years old
        Religion: Hinduism
        Education Qualification: Nil
        Occupation: Farmer

3.  Family Type: Nuclear Family

4.         His attitude toward Family:
He projects innate love and care for family since they have been his constant source of inspirations and guides in his due course of difficulties and times of need. He truly remains indebted for being source of strengths for his pinnacle success. “Every family has a story that it tells itself, that it passes on to the children and grandchildren. The story grows over the years, mutates, some parts are sharpened, others dropped, and there is often debate about what really happened. But even with these different sides of the same story, there is still agreement that this is the family story. And in the absence of other narratives, it becomes the flagpole that the family hangs its identity from.” This is exactly how family is, according to A.M. Homes. The bond that links our true family is not one of blood, but of respect and joy in each other's life. Quite often he does remember members of one family grew up under the same roof. Now as a responsible person and employed civil servant, he had to drift away from same roofed home for the interest of family and his own survival. As Chanakya Richard said “He who is overly attached to his family members’ experiences fear and sorrow, for the root of all grief is attachment. Thus one should discard attachment to be happy.He worked as lecturer in Education College in Bhutan and now pursuing Master Degree in Physical Education in Lovely Professional University, Punjab.  
5. Health Information:
i.             Height: 5.9 inches
ii.           Weight: 70kgs
iii.         Blood Group: O+
iv.      Food habits: He prefers healthy food items like fruits, meats, green   leaves, dhal, rice, vegetables and avoids junk foods, sweet foods, and fast foods.
v.           Exercise: Gym, games and sports, jogging, and mountain climbing
vi.         Hobby: Playing games, hiking, trekking and rock climbing.

6.       Biological health information
        i. Complexion: Brown
       ii. Eye color: Blue
iii.         Hair color: Dark brown
iv.         Teeth: 32
v.           Psychology problem: He is psychologically sound and physically fit. There is no record of mental illnesses and neurotic problem.
vi.         Physical problem: Till date, he did not meet with any kind of accident, physical problems and physiological disorder. He is physically fit and sturdy.

7.       Physical Condition of home:
 i. Cleanliness: His beliefs that “cleanliness is the next to Goodliness” Room         
 ii. Information: one room, shared by three of his friends.
iv.         

Interior decoration: His room is festooned with many portraits of Kings, Queens, western footballers, Gods and 
8.           Recreational Facilities: table tennis bats and balls, football, volley ball, badminton rackets, lawn tennis rackets and skipping ropes.

Disciplines at home: He maintains good discipline at home respecting parents, elders, loving and guiding younger.  As saying goes “Whoever loves discipline loves knowledge, but he who hates correction is stupid.” Discipline is a tactic that creates harmony in the family. Thus, their family dwells in peace and harmony by respecting each other.

10.        Mother’s health during Pregnancy:
          Age: 28 years
          Due Date: 9/11/1983
          Weight: 3.5kgs
          Hospital: Government Hospital
11.        Development history of Child:
Since his mother was a housewife and did not have to go anywhere he had enough breastfeeding till 18 months. From commencing 10 months he was also supplemented with juicy fruits, healthy solid foods and green leaves. He was very fast growing and healthy child. He was taken good care and fed good foods, growth rate was progressive. He had not suffered any chronic diseases and physical accident. He could reflect back himself as one of the energetic and stout child among many of his age mate. He used to spent most of the time playing games which indeed prepared him to become soccer professional later. As Abraham Lincoln said, “If I had eight hours to chop down a tree, I'd spend six hours sharpening my axe.” He had taken keen interest in learning the tactics and skills of playing games. He was fan of good professional footballers and loved spending hours watching football match every evening. He had no sign and symptoms of chronic disease, accident, and psychological disorder. He had never been involved in any kind of substance abuse, drug addicts, gang fights, criminal actions, and vandalism. He grew up as fully fledged and sound human being.

12.        Emotional History:
   Team in Myanmar
He is emotionally healthy. He could tolerate pain and suffering at zenith as physiology could withstand. He is extrovert, outgoing, generous, jolly, and laughing gas. He draws an analogy; Crops grow up under the influences of ground and environment and as a result, bear fruits. So does a soul. So does consciousness. Consciousness can be active vivaciously or make the better self by knowledge, Enlightenment, and the influence of environment. He always remains conscious to avoid unpleasant episodes happening and offset every negative event with optimism. Whatever unpleasant, tragedy and awful faced are taken care with positive attitude and dynamism. Thus, he is emotionally stable and generous fellow.
13.        Social History:
He is out going and extraversion guy. He love socializing, mingling and getting together with social groups, peer groups, family, teachers and siblings.
He generously loves playing games, singing, dancing and participating extra co-curricular activities. Right from the pre-primary level he was genius footballer. He has many historical achievements in the field of games and sports. He holds numerous medals, certificates and prizes that he achieved as a games and sports captain, teacher and lecturer. All those achievement owed to his friends, family, and teachers who had been source of inspiration and supporters.
He firmly believes that society are people with whom we share our feelings, thoughts, dreams and fears and a true society will keep the secrets and love us without judgment or conditions. He quotes the dictum, “True friendship is essential to happiness in life. Although the nature of friendship cannot be fully described, finding a true friend is a priceless gift that can be cherished at all phases of life.” which vividly denotes that he is extraversion and sociable.

14.        Educational History:
According to Chinese proverb “If you are planning for a year, sow rice; if you are planning for a decade, plant trees; if you are planning for a lifetime, educate people.” His parents planned his life by providing a quality education right from the tender age. The object of education is to prepare the young to educate themselves throughout their lives. Thus, he got enrollment in of the pre-primary class at age of six on 10th march, 1989, in one of the remote schools in Bhutan. Although he was skilled and intellectual sport man, his studies gradually declined as he ascended higher classes. The reason behind was the diversion of time and interest towards games and sports.
i.             Pre-primary to classes IV  ----- Samang Community primary School, 
                                                                                          Mongar District, Bhutan.
 Aggregates Obtained in different grades:
 PP ------ 60.5%
 I -------- 67.2%
 II ------- 64.7%
III ------- 69.6%
IV ------- 71.2%                        
ii.           Class VI first Year -----Khasadrupchu Primary School, Thimphu Capital
                                       City, Bhutan from year 1990 to 1996.
  Aggregate Obtained in Class VI, 1st year: 72.1% but failed in National Language Paper Dzongkha. He obtained only 33 marks and failed by 7 marks.
iii.          Class VI second and third Year ---- Zilukha Primary School, Thimphu,   
Bhutan. In year 1997 and 1998.
In 2nd Year of class VI, he obtained 75.3% but failed in National Language paper Dzongkha by two marks. In 3r Year of Class VI, he obtained 78% and successfully completed class VI.
iv.          Classes VII to VIII ------ Changangkha Lower Secondary School,
                                              Thimphu, Bhutan in year 1999 to 2000.
In class VII he obtained 72% and in class VIII 70%
v.            Classes IX to XII ------ Yanchenphu Higher Secondary School, Thimphu,
                                              Bhutan from 2001 to 2002.
Aggregates Obtained:
Class IX ------ 67%
Class X ------- 65%
Class XI ------ 63%
Class XII ---- 62%
vi.          Graduation............ Paro College of Education from 2004 to 2006.
Degree 1st Year ------ 66%
Degree 2nd Year ----- 64%
Degree 3rd year ------ 65%
vii.         Career …… He worked as a Lecturer in Physical Education, Paro College
                             of Education from Year 2007 to 2011 mid.
viii.       Master Degree in Physical Education……. Lovely Professional University,
                                      Punjab, India, from Mid-2011 to 2014.
Mid-term result for 1st year 1st Semester, he obtained 63% only.
Conclusion:
Positive Aspects: He is very good at games and sports. He earned many medals and certificates in schools, colleges, universities, national level and international level. As a national soccer player, he got adequate opportunity to socialize with various kinds of peoples, exchange cultural diversities, learn new knowledge, inculcate integrity, and respect others. He also developed sense of team spirits, competition, unity and solidarity. It was also time for him to showcase country’s customs, disciplines, morale values, conventions and traditions to outside world.
As a representative of country, he could act as the role of good will ambassador of his country by showcasing the country’s unique cultural diversities, traditions, national dress code, cuisine, talking about nation’s guiding principle of development ‘Gross National Happiness.’  As Earl of Beaconsfield rightly quoted “The secret of success in life is for a man to be ready for his opportunity when it comes.” He also grabbed the opportunity provided by the government and innate talent that he possessed to become successful in life.
As a professional football player, he has deep and profound knowledge about world Olympic Games and sports rules and regulations. He also emphasizes of Olympic sports code of conduct, ethic and motto of ‘Fair Play.’
Negative Aspects or Problems:
Every coin has two faces, and every success is followed by failure. He could not literally perform well in academic comparing to games and sports. Interest of games and sports dislodge his interest for studies that’s why he failed three times in 6th grade. Daily exercise was hectic and tiring that hampered concentration in the class.  He has to maintain his physical body and reduce diet amount. Thus, has no power of choices for foods and meals.
He is so outgoing person and we could hardly see him in the room. He has developed instinct of disliking room and wanting to go out with friends. Whereby, he landed up many times not completing assignments, home works and other important works on time. He devotes less time for studies and talking with roommates.  Most of the time, he goes loitering in towns and streets which are indeed not good places. 
Suggestions:
He needs to learn how to keep track of time and division of works to accomplish on time and minimize other useless activities that would thwart his profession. Over ruled exercise obstructs learning in classes, hence need to reduce the length of play time. Need cozy and hospital home environment to cage him within the four walls of room to prevent loitering unnecessarily in towns and streets. That would at least save time, money and energy doing productive task. Roommates and friends need to push him along the routine of work for accomplishment of his assignments and other academic tasks on time. Need him interesting and healthy resources and books to entangle in reading world. Facilities like music, television, internet, video game, indoor games; table tennis, chess, Chinese checker, reading resource; comics, magazines, newspapers, story books, novels and scripts must in placed for personal development and professional enhancement.
Provided, if all those measures are taken into account, certainly problems embedded within him would be rid of and ensure perfect personality development and professionalism. Because problems are the stepping stones for betterment of an individual in times to come. One can learn sweet lesson from bitter problem and step up for necessary rectification which would factually stabilizes lifestyles completely.

 As James Joyce  said, “A man's errors are his portals of discovery.” I, being an infant in the field of research and with very limited knowledge might have counterfeited innumerable information that perhaps would touch the heart of readers. Thus, I humbly like to urge everyone to bear with my ignorance and be portal of discoverer in future research. I sincerely welcome the trunk of criticisms and amendments for better development.

   The End